Excerpt from the
1998 edition of
the Criteria for Accreditation Southern Association of Colleges and Schools
4.8.2 Academic and Professional Preparation
For the purpose of
applying the Criteria, a full-time faculty member is one whose major
employment is with the institution, whose primary assignment is in teaching
and/or research, and whose employment is based on a contract for full-time
employees.
Both full-time and
part-time faculty must meet the following criteria for academic and
professional preparation
4.8.2.2 Baccalaureate
Each full-time and part-time faculty member
teaching credit courses leading toward the baccalaureate degree, other than
physical education activities courses, must have completed at least 18 graduate
semester hours in the teaching discipline and hold at least a master's degree,
or hold the minimum of a master's degree with a major in the teaching
discipline. In exceptional cases, outstanding professional experience and
demonstrated contributions to the teaching discipline may be presented in lieu
of formal academic preparation. Such cases must be justified by the institution
on an individual basis.
The Commission encourages interdisciplinary
courses and recognizes that appropriate credentials for teaching may vary. The
institution must document and justify the academic and professional preparation
of faculty members teaching in such courses or programs.
It is the
responsibility of the institution to keep on file for all full-time and
part-time faculty members documentation of academic preparation, such as
official transcripts and, if appropriate for demonstrating competence, official
documentation of professional and work experience, technical and performance
competency, records of publications, certifications and other qualifications.
At least 25 percent
of the discipline course hours in each undergraduate major must be taught by
faculty members holding the terminal degree, usually the earned doctorate, in
that discipline. In some disciplines, the master's degree in the discipline may
be considered the terminal degree, such as the M.F.A., the M.S.W., and the
M.L.S.; in others, a master's degree in the discipline, coupled with a doctoral
degree in a related discipline, is considered appropriate. However, it is
the
responsibility of the institution to justify the master's degree, or master's
in the teaching discipline coupled with a related doctorate, as the terminal
degree for faculty members teaching in these disciplines. The above requirement
also applies to each major offered through distance learning, including those
offered at branches or other sites.
Faculty members who
teach in remedial programs must hold a baccalaureate degree in a discipline
related to their teaching assignment and have either teaching experience in a
discipline related to their assignment or graduate training in remedial
education.
4.8.2.3 Graduate
Institutions
offering either master's or specialist degrees must demonstrate a high level of
faculty competence in teaching and scholarship. Institutions offering doctoral
degrees must demonstrate the research capability of faculty members teaching in
these programs. Eligibility requirements for faculty members teaching graduate
courses must be clearly defined and publicized.
All institutions
must have adequate resources to attract and retain a qualified faculty,
especially in the disciplines in which doctoral programs are offered. Faculty
members responsible for the direction of doctoral research must be experienced
in directing independent study. In addition, those engaged in graduate teaching
should demonstrate, by their involvement in institutional activities, their
commitment to the academic community, the
institution they serve, their students, and their academic disciplines.
Each faculty member teaching courses at the
master's and specialist degree level must hold the terminal degree, usually the
earned doctorate, in the teaching discipline or a related discipline. In some
instances, the master's degree in the discipline may be considered the terminal
degree, such as the M.F.A., the M.S.W., and the M.L.S.; in others, a master's
degree in the discipline coupled with a doctoral degree in a related discipline
is considered appropriate. It is the responsibility of the institution to
justify the master's degree, or master's in the teaching discipline coupled
with a related doctorate, as the terminal degree for faculty members teaching
in those disciplines. All faculty members teaching courses at the doctoral
degree level must hold the earned doctorate in the teaching discipline or a related
discipline.
The Commission recognizes that in unusual
cases institutions may appropriately include as graduate faculty members those
who have demonstrated exceptional scholarly or creative activity, or
professional experience, but who may not possess the required academic
credentials. There also may be an occasion when a new graduate discipline is in
its formative stage in higher education and there are no faculty members
available with academic credentials in the discipline. In either case, when an institution
presents evidence of competence or academic credentials other than the
doctorate in the discipline for its graduate faculty, it must justify the
employment of such faculty.
The Commission encourages interdisciplinary
courses and recognizes that appropriate credentials for teaching may vary. The
institution must document and justify the academic and professional preparation
of faculty members teaching in such courses or programs.
It is the responsibility of the institution to keep on file, for all full-time and part-time faculty members teaching graduate courses, documentation of academic preparation, such as official transcripts and, if appropriate for demonstrating competence, official documentation of professional and work experience, technical performance competency, records of publications, certifications and other qualifications.
An effective graduate program depends on the scholarly interaction of faculty. The appropriate number of faculty members to adequately support a program varies according to discipline and the scope of the program. However, for each graduate degree program, an institution must employ at least four qualified full-time faculty members whose responsibilities include teaching in the program. All policies and regulations affecting graduate curricula, as well as requirements leading to graduate credit, certification and degrees, should be formulated by the graduate faculty or an appointed or elected group representing that faculty.
4.82.4 Distance Learning Programs/Activities
Institutions offering courses for credit through distance learning activities and programs must meet all criteria related to faculty. Whether through direct contact or other appropriate means, institutions offering distance learning programs must provide students with structured access to and interaction with full-time faculty members.
4.8.3 Part-Time Faculty
The number of full-time faculty members must be adequate to provide effective teaching, advising and scholarly or creative activity, and be appropriate to participate in curriculum development, policy making, institutional planning and governance. The employment of part-time faculty members can provide expertise to enhance the educational effectiveness of an institution but the number of part-time faculty members must be properly limited. Part-time faculty members teaching courses for credit must meet the same requirements for professional, experiential and scholarly preparation as their full-time counterparts teaching in the same disciplines.
Each institution must establish and publish comprehensive policies
concerning the employment of part-time faculty members. It must
also provide for appropriate orientation, supervision and evaluation of all
part-time faculty members. Procedures to ensure student access to
part-time faculty members must be clearly stated and publicized.